Marcus Iwu
How the Stethoscope Changed Clinical Examination
This article examines the origins of the stethoscope, tracing how a piece of rolled-up paper evolved into an essential piece…
How Elite Athletes Helped Shape Exercise Physiology
The modern relationship between elite performance and laboratory research may feel like a recent phenomenon, but the curiosity surrounding how…
Why Organised Walking Grew in Victorian Britain
Rail travel, leisure time, urbanisation and access campaigns all helped organised walking grow in nineteenth-century Britain.
Why We Yawn Is Still an Open Scientific Question
Yawning is common and contagious in many people, but proposed explanations involving brain temperature, arousal and social behaviour remain under…
How Shared Exercise Spaces Changed From Gymnasia to Modern Gyms
From Greek gymnasia to nineteenth-century physical-culture halls and commercial fitness clubs, shared exercise spaces have served very different social roles.
How Ancient Medicine Thought About Exercise and Health
Ancient medical traditions discussed movement and regimen, but their ideas should not be treated as modern exercise science or clinical…
How the Placebo Effect Became a Clinical Research Problem
Henry Beecher's 1955 paper was influential, but later research showed that improvement in placebo groups is not the same thing…
Why Walking Became Britain’s Most Popular Form of Exercise
Across the United Kingdom, the sight of people walking has become as ubiquitous as the changing weather. While high-intensity interval…

